# Cognitive Warfare Can Target Whole Societies by François du Cluzel
> “While the objective of Cognitive Warfare is to harm societies and not only the military, this type of warfare resembles to ‘shadow wars’ and requires a whole-of-government approach to warfare.”
> **— François du Cluzel**, *2020, Cognitive Warfare, NATO Innovation Hub study, p. 32*
## Sources and Context
- **Primary study:** [*Cognitive Warfare*, Innovation Hub PDF, p. 32](https://innovationhub-act.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/20210122_CW-Final.pdf). Batch 4 omitted “While” and cut the sentence short; the supplied errata restored it. “Resembles to” is the document's grammar, preserved here. The passage discusses a perceived threat and a proposed response, not an achieved global program.
- **Institutional boundary:** Allied Command Transformation sponsored the Innovation Hub study, but the study expressly disclaims official ACT or member-nation positions. The quoted prose is attributed to its named author, François du Cluzel.
## Related Articles and Collections
- **Collection:** [[collections/Simple Reminders|Simple Reminders]]
- **Article:** [[articles/Cognitive-Cyber Warfare Measures and Countermeasures|Cognitive-Cyber Warfare Measures and Countermeasures]]
- **Article:** [[articles/The Next Interface Layer|The Next Interface Layer]]
- **Wiki map:** [[wiki/Cognitive Warfare|Cognitive Warfare]]
## Related Topics
- [[wiki/Cognitive Warfare|Cognitive Warfare]]
## Share on Social Media
```
“While the objective of Cognitive Warfare is to harm societies and not only the military, this type of warfare resembles to ‘shadow wars’ and requires a whole-of-government approach to warfare.”
— François du Cluzel, Cognitive Warfare, 2020
https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-du-cluzel-cognitive-warfare-societies
```