# Intelligent Life Must Convert the Universe Into a Biosphere by Frank Tipler > “Intelligent life forms must inevitably expand out from their planets of origin, and convert the entire universe into a biosphere.” > **— Frank Tipler**, *2004, Edge Annual Question: “WHAT'S YOUR LAW?”* ## Sources and Context - **Direct Edge response and surrounding essay:** [Tipler's Law of Unlimited Progress](https://www.edge.org/response-detail/10115) — the official response page preserves this exact, continuous passage and its surrounding argument. - **Complete local collection index:** [[research/Edge 2004 Full Quotation Curation|Edge 2004 Full Quotation Curation]] — retained source-first record for the response object and all canonical reminder links derived from it. ## Related Articles and Collections - **Collection:** [[collections/Edge|Edge]] - **Collection:** [[collections/MARS|MARS]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Machine Succession|Machine Succession]] - **Article:** [[articles/The Last Migration Will Not Be Human|The Last Migration]] - **Article:** [[articles/We Were Never Going to Make It|Never Going to Make It!]] - **Article:** [[articles/Christopher Nolan's Odyssey at the Threshold of Machine Succession|Nolan's Odyssey]] - **Wiki map:** [[wiki/Deep Time|Deep Time]] ## Related Topics - [[wiki/Deep Time|Deep Time]] - [[wiki/Cosmic View|Cosmic View]] - [[wiki/Species-Level Maturation|Species-Level Maturation]] - [[wiki/Rotating Space Habitats|Rotating Space Habitats]] ## Share on Social Media ``` “Intelligent life forms must inevitably expand out from their planets of origin, and convert the entire universe into a biosphere.” — Frank Tipler, 2004, Edge Annual Question: “WHAT'S YOUR LAW?” https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-frank-tipler-universe-into-biosphere ```