# Better Robots Weaken the Case for Human Spaceflight by Martin Rees > “The practical need for manned spaceflight gets ever weaker with each advance in robots and miniaturization. These robots won’t be humanoid in size and shape.” > **— Martin Rees**, *The Future of Space Exploration and Technology, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, n.d.* ## Sources and Context - **Direct publication and full context:** [The Future of Space Exploration and Technology](https://www.pas.va/en/publications/acta/acta24pas/rees.html) — The linked publication contains the quoted passage and its surrounding argument. - **Shorter source formulation:** [A Cosmic Perspective: Four Centuries of Expanding Horizons](https://www.gresham.ac.uk/watch-now/cosmic-perspective-four-centuries-expanding-horizons) — Rees separately states that “robotic advances will erode the practical case for human spaceflight.” The master dossier routes that shorter formulation to this fuller canonical Reminder rather than creating a semantic duplicate. - **Master research record:** [[research/Martin Rees on Machine Succession, Post-Human Intelligence, and the Cosmic Future|Martin Rees on Machine Succession, Post-Human Intelligence, and the Cosmic Future]] — preserves this object inside the open Martin Rees source dossier. ## Related Articles and Collections - **Collection:** [[collections/MARS|MARS]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Machine Succession|Machine Succession]] - **Article:** [[articles/The Last Migration Will Not Be Human|The Last Migration Will Not Be Human]] - **Article:** [[articles/Breakaway Space Habitat Infrastructure?|Breakaway Space Habitat Infrastructure?]] - **Article:** [[articles/We Are "Going" to Mars through the Marsification of Earth|We Are Going to Mars through the Marsification of Earth]] - **Wiki map:** [[wiki/Space Exploration|Space Exploration]] ## Related Topics - [[wiki/Robotic Spaceflight|Robotic Spaceflight]] - [[wiki/Robotics|Robotics]] ## Share on Social Media ``` “The practical need for manned spaceflight gets ever weaker with each advance in robots and miniaturization. These robots won’t be humanoid in size and shape.” — Martin Rees, The Future of Space Exploration and Technology, Pontifical Academy of Sciences, n.d. https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-martin-rees-better-robots-weaken-case-human ```