# Human-Level AI Must Be Able to Talk About the World by Murray Shanahan > "Surely nothing would count as having human-level intelligence unless it possessed language, and the chief use of human language is to talk about the world." > **— Murray Shanahan**, *2015, Edge annual question “What Do You Think About Machines That Think?”* ## Sources and Context - **Full authored response and quotation context:** [Consciousness In Human-Level Artificial Intelligence](https://www.edge.org/response-detail/26203) — Edge's 2015 annual-question response by Murray Shanahan; the linked page contains the complete response and quoted passage. ## Related Articles and Collections - **Collection:** [[collections/Consciousness Continuity|Consciousness Continuity]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Neurotech|Neurotech]] - **Article:** [[articles/Technologies for Consciousness Mapping and Transfer|Technologies for Consciousness Mapping and Transfer]] - **Article:** [[articles/The Organic-Synthetic Brain Atlas|The Organic-Synthetic Brain Atlas]] - **Article:** [[articles/The Closed-Loop Gaussian Sensorium Engine|The Closed-Loop Gaussian Sensorium Engine]] - **Wiki map:** [[wiki/Artificial Consciousness|Artificial Consciousness]] ## Related Topics - [[wiki/Natural Language Processing|Natural Language Processing]] - [[wiki/Machine Language|Machine Language]] - [[wiki/Language|Language]] - [[wiki/Bicameral Mind Architecture|Bicameral Mind Architecture]] ## Share on Social Media ``` "Surely nothing would count as having human-level intelligence unless it possessed language, and the chief use of human language is to talk about the world." — Murray Shanahan, 2015, Edge annual question “What Do You Think About Machines That Think?” https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-murray-shanahan-human-level-ai-must-able ```