# If information processing is what matters, then the substrate can be replaced by Randal A. Koene > "If information processing is what matters, then the substrate can be replaced." > **— Randal A. Koene**, *Substrate-independence discussions, wording candidate* Verification Status: Unverified — exact wording/source has not yet been independently confirmed against a primary source; source clue: Substrate-independence discussions, wording candidate.