# Substrate-Independent Minds by Randal A. Koene > "[The proposed substrate for uploaded minds] won’t be dependent on an oxygen atmosphere." > **— Randal A. Koene**, *Smithsonian interview* ## Sources and Context - **Exact original source passage:** "This new substrate won’t be dependent on an oxygen atmosphere," - **Editorial repair and evidence:** Brackets replace This new substrate with the substrate-independent minds described in the reporter's immediately preceding sentence. The claim is a proposed future substrate, not an existing upload. [Direct source](https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/quest-upload-mind-into-digital-space-180954946/). No timecode is asserted. - **Full quotation and context:** [The quest to upload your mind into digital space](https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/quest-upload-mind-into-digital-space-180954946/) — The Smithsonian feature supplies Koene's complete description of the nonbiological substrate. ## Related Articles and Collections - **Collection:** [[collections/Consciousness Continuity|Consciousness Continuity]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Neurotech|Neurotech]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Machine Succession|Machine Succession]] - **Article:** [[articles/Mind Uploading and AI — The Host is Reusable and the Person is the Delta|Mind Uploading and AI — The Host is Reusable and the Person is the Delta]] - **Article:** [[articles/Uploading Is Imminent|Uploading Is Imminent]] - **Article:** [[articles/Escape Hatch in the Skull|Escape Hatch in the Skull]] - **Wiki map:** [[wiki/Mind Uploading|Mind Uploading]] ## Related Topics - [[wiki/Substrate Migration|Substrate Migration]] - [[wiki/Host–Residual Architecture|Host–Residual Architecture]] - [[wiki/Mind Uploading|Mind Uploading]] - [[wiki/Whole Brain Emulation|Whole Brain Emulation]] - [[wiki/Psychological Continuity|Psychological Continuity]] - [[wiki/State Sufficiency Problem|State Sufficiency Problem]] - [[wiki/Substrate Independence|Substrate Independence]] ## Share on Social Media ``` "[The proposed substrate for uploaded minds] won’t be dependent on an oxygen atmosphere." — Randal A. Koene, Smithsonian interview https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-randal-koene-substrate-independent-minds ```