# How Can We Maintain Software in Long-Lived Devices That Can Kill by Ross Anderson > “How will we build the tools to maintain the software in long-lived online devices that can kill us?” > **— Ross Anderson**, *2018 Edge Annual Question, question* ## Sources and Context - **Original Edge response:** [The Last Question — Ross Anderson](https://www.edge.org/response-detail/27695) — Ross Anderson's question in the 2018 Annual Question collection, posed rather than asserted as a conclusion. The Edge response page is the publication record for this exact question. - **Local archival entry:** [[research/Edge 2018 Full Quotation Curation|Edge 2018 Full Quotation Curation]] (EDGE2018-050). ## Related Articles and Collections - **Collection:** [[collections/Edge|Edge]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Machine Succession|Machine Succession]] - **Article:** [[articles/Cyber-Physical Lessons from Imperial Beekeeping|Cyber-Physical Lessons from Imperial Beekeeping]] - **Article:** [[articles/STEVE|STEVE]] - **Article:** [[articles/The Next Interface Layer|The Next Interface Layer]] ## Related Topics - [[wiki/Critical Infrastructure|Critical Infrastructure]] ## Share on Social Media ``` “How will we build the tools to maintain the software in long-lived online devices that can kill us?” — Ross Anderson, 2018 Edge Annual Question https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-ross-anderson-we-maintain-software-in-long ```