# Brain Models Can Simulate Neural Dynamics and the Behaviors They Control by Stephen Grossberg > “Recent models of how the brain controls behavior have begun to clarify how the mechanisms that enable us to learn quickly about a changing world throughout life also embody properties of expectation, intention, attention, illusion, fantasy, hallucination, and even consciousness. I never thought that during my own life such models would develop to the point that the dynamics of identified nerve cells in known anatomies could be quantitatively simulated, along with the behaviors that they control. During the last five years, ever-more precise models of such brain processes have been discovered, including detailed answers to why the cerebral cortex, which is the seat of all our higher intelligence, is organized into layers of cells that interact with each other in characteristic ways.” > **— Stephen Grossberg**, *2002, Edge Annual Question, “WHAT IS YOUR QUESTION? ... WHY?”* ## Sources and Context - **Direct Edge response and surrounding essay:** [How does being able to learn about a changing world endow our minds with expectations, imagination, creativity, and the ability to perceive illusions?](https://www.edge.org/response-detail/23717) — Edge published this exact, continuous passage in its 2002 Annual Question collection, *WHAT IS YOUR QUESTION? ... WHY?*. The response page preserves the surrounding argument and qualifications. - **Complete local collection index:** [[research/Edge 2002 Full Quotation Curation|Edge 2002 Full Quotation Curation]] — retained source-first record for the response cohort and this passage's promotion status. ## Related Articles and Collections - **Collection:** [[collections/Edge|Edge]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Consciousness Continuity|Consciousness Continuity]] - **Collection:** [[collections/Neurotech|Neurotech]] - **Article:** [[articles/Technologies for Consciousness Mapping and Transfer|Consciousness Mapping and Transfer]] - **Article:** [[articles/The Organic-Synthetic Brain Atlas|Organic-Synthetic Brain Atlas]] - **Article:** [[articles/Machine Intelligence from Cortical Networks and the Allen Institute|Cortical Networks]] - **Wiki map:** [[wiki/Simulation Hypothesis|Simulation Hypothesis]] ## Related Topics - [[wiki/Simulation Hypothesis|Simulation Hypothesis]] - [[wiki/Stephen Grossberg|Stephen Grossberg]] - [[wiki/Predictive Processing|Predictive Processing]] - [[wiki/Artificial Intelligence|Artificial Intelligence]] ## Share on Social Media ``` “Recent models of how the brain controls behavior have begun to clarify how the mechanisms that enable us to learn quickly about a changing world throughout life also embody properties of expectation, intention, attention, illusion, fantasy, hallucination, and even consciousness. I never thought that during my own life such models would develop to the point that the dynamics of identified nerve cells in known anatomies could be quantitatively simulated, along with the behaviors that they control. During the last five years, ever-more precise models of such brain processes have been discovered, including detailed answers to why the cerebral cortex, which is the seat of all our higher intelligence, is organized into layers of cells that interact with each other in characteristic ways.” — Stephen Grossberg, 2002, Edge Annual Question, “WHAT IS YOUR QUESTION? ... WHY?” https://bryantmcgill.com/simple-reminders-stephen-grossberg-brain-models-simulate-neural-dynamics-behaviors ```