# 28 CFR Part 23 **Entity class:** Legal instrument or procurement arrangement **Domain:** Reporting ## Definition Federal regulation governing qualifying criminal-intelligence systems and associated collection and sharing practices. It provides an important professional rule set in the article's comparison with the ISE-SAR standard. ## Operational role Civilian reporting expands national awareness when observations enter a standard process of intake, review, sharing, and analysis. The same find, fuse, identify, correlate, geolocate, predict, and act-faster architecture appears under counterterrorism and broader homeland-security vocabulary. Professional training and reliable information handling make distributed participation useful. **Architecture connections:** [[wiki/Fusion Center|Fusion Center]] · [[wiki/Intelligence Fusion|Intelligence Fusion]] · [[wiki/Counterterrorism|Counterterrorism]]. ## Relationships - **article-linked mechanism or framework:** [[wiki/Reasonable Suspicion|Reasonable Suspicion]]. - **article-linked authority or contracting instrument:** [[wiki/ISE-SAR Functional Standard|ISE-SAR Functional Standard]]. - **collection route:** [[collections/The Civilian Intelligence Marketplace|The Civilian Intelligence Marketplace]]. - **counterterrorism architecture:** [[collections/Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and the Intelligence Environment|Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and the Intelligence Environment]]. - **source article:** [[articles/The Coming Market for Civilian Spycraft|The Coming Market for Civilian Spycraft]]. ## Sources / Provenance - [[articles/The Coming Market for Civilian Spycraft#V. The Suspicious Activity Reporting Architecture: Civilianized Collection by Design|The Coming Market for Civilian Spycraft — V. The Suspicious Activity Reporting Architecture: Civilianized Collection by Design]] — October 2026 revision; immediate source for this entry’s place in the marketplace. - [ACLU, Gill v. DOJ: Challenge to Government's Suspicious Activity Reporting Program.](https://www.aclu.org/cases/gill-v-doj-challenge-governments-suspicious-activity-reporting-program) - [UC Law Review, Ninth Circuit Upholds the Standard for Use of Terrorist-Related Information Among Law Enforcement Agencies (2019).](https://uclawreview.org/2019/02/12/ninth-circuit-upholds-the-standard-for-use-of-terrorist-related-information-among-law-enforcement-agencies/) ## Connected marketplace roles The source article connects this entry with [[wiki/Reasonable Suspicion|Reasonable Suspicion]]. These routes locate the associated people, implementations, methods, and operational contexts in [[articles/The Coming Market for Civilian Spycraft|The Coming Market for Civilian Spycraft]]. **Collections:** [[collections/The Civilian Intelligence Marketplace|The Civilian Intelligence Marketplace]] · [[collections/Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and the Intelligence Environment|Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and the Intelligence Environment]].