# Complex Adaptive Systems
**Domain:** Complexity Science / Emergence / Evolution
**Doc Type:** Concept Node
**Maturity:** Developing
**Related:** [[Santa Fe Institute]], [[Emergence]], [[Superorganism]], [[Distributed Intelligence]]
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## Definition
A **complex adaptive system** contains interacting agents or components that learn, adapt or evolve while collectively producing system-level patterns not specified by any single part.
## Corpus Context
The concept links biological evolution, institutions and machine networks without declaring them identical. It is especially important to [[Superintelligence Cradle Theory]]: interoperable parts may become a new cognitive ecology before anyone deliberately designs a unified intelligence.
## Backlinks
[[Santa Fe Institute]] · [[Emergence]]
## Relationships
- **Quotation provenance and collection route:** [[collections/Simple Reminders|Simple Reminders]] links the direct publications named in the source-backed Reminder objects below to this concept; the quoted claims remain attributed to their speakers.
## Simple Reminders, Quotations, and Thoughts
> “What is the master principle governing the growth and evolution of complex systems?”
> **— John C. Mather**, *2018 Edge Annual Question, question*
[[reminders/Evolution/What Governs the Evolution of Complex Systems by John C. Mather|What Governs the Evolution of Complex Systems by John C. Mather]]