# Cyber-Biological System **Entity class:** Systems concept ## Definition A **cyber-biological system** is a coupled architecture in which computation, communications, sensing, control, and living physiology form one operational loop. A writable neural interface is the clearest person-scale example: information is decoded from biological activity and computational commands can return through stimulation or neuromodulation. ## Security consequence The system boundary extends beyond silicon. Firmware, models, credentials, telemetry, permissions, neural signals, stimulation parameters, and physiological response belong to one attack and recovery graph. Security must therefore preserve code integrity, command integrity, and [[wiki/Neural Integrity|neural integrity]] together. ## Relationships - **interface:** [[wiki/Brain-Computer Interfaces|Brain-Computer Interfaces]]. - **security architecture:** [[wiki/Bidirectional BCI Security|Bidirectional BCI Security]]. - **sociotechnical extension:** [[wiki/Sociotechnical Attack Surface|Sociotechnical Attack Surface]]. - **endpoint concept:** [[wiki/Living CVE|Living CVE]]. ## Sources / Provenance - Xinyu Jiang et al., [“Cybersecurity in neural interfaces: Survey and future trends”](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37883851/), 2023. - U.S. Food and Drug Administration, [Cybersecurity in Medical Devices FAQ](https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/cybersecurity-medical-devices-frequently-asked-questions-faqs), accessed 2026-09-23. **As of:** 2026-09-23