# Error Behavior
**Domain:** API Design / Reliability
**Doc Type:** Contract Component
**Maturity:** Core Design Principle
**Related:** [[wiki/Portable Contract|Portable Contract]], [[wiki/Input Rules|Input Rules]], [[wiki/Conformance Testing|Conformance Testing]]
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## Definition
**Error behavior defines how a capability reports invalid input, unavailable host features, conflicts, limits, and unexpected failure.** It includes error categories, return shapes, thrown exceptions, retryability, partial-output rules, and whether failure may mutate state.
## Project Context
Cross-language parity requires failure parity as well as success parity. A quote extractor that skips malformed markup in one runtime but aborts in another can create different archives even if both agree on ordinary cases.
## Key Insight
**An interface is not fully specified until callers know how it fails.**
## See Also
[[wiki/Shared Fixtures|Shared Fixtures]], [[wiki/Permissioned Capability|Permissioned Capability]], [[wiki/Portable Contract|Portable Contract]], [[wiki/Technical Terms|Technical Terms]]