# Hyperparasite
> **Machine-Evolution Nexus:** [[articles/Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution|Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution]] places this node within the history and governance of substrate-independent evolution.
**Domain:** Ecology / Digital Evolution
**Doc Type:** Canonical Wiki Node
**Maturity:** Developed
## Definition
A hyperparasite exploits another parasite, adding a further trophic or dependency layer.
## Nexus Context
In Tierra, evolved programs redirected parasitic machinery to replicate the hyperparasite’s own code, showing that simple digital ecologies can acquire nested exploitation.
## Evidence Boundary
The label is functional and model-relative. It does not establish organismic suffering or moral culpability.
## Relationships
[[wiki/Parasite|Parasite]], [[wiki/Tierra|Tierra]], [[wiki/Artificial Ecology|Artificial Ecology]], [[wiki/Scalar Nesting|Scalar Nesting]]
## Sources / Provenance
- Ray (1991); Müller, Steels and Szathmáry (2026).