# Major Evolutionary Transitions
> **Machine-Evolution Nexus:** [[articles/Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution|Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution]] places this node within the history and governance of substrate-independent evolution.
**Domain:** Evolution / Organizational Change
**Doc Type:** Canonical Wiki Node
**Maturity:** Developed
## Definition
Major evolutionary transitions are changes in which independently reproducing units become integrated into a new higher-level unit of heredity, cooperation and selection.
## Nexus Context
Examples include chromosomes, eukaryotic cells and multicellular organisms. The 2026 evolvable-AI paper asks whether interacting AI systems could participate in another substrate and unit transition.
## Evidence Boundary
The label requires more than increasing capability or dependence. Reproduction, conflict mediation, inheritance and a changed unit of selection must be shown.
## Relationships
[[wiki/Unit of Selection|Unit of Selection]], [[wiki/Eörs Szathmáry|Eörs Szathmáry]], [[wiki/John Maynard Smith|John Maynard Smith]], [[wiki/Evolvable AI|Evolvable AI]]
## Sources / Provenance
- Maynard Smith and Szathmáry, _The Major Transitions in Evolution_ (1995); PNAS (2026).