# Max Tegmark **Born:** May 5, 1967 **Domain:** Physics / cosmology / artificial intelligence **Doc Type:** Person Node **Max Tegmark** is a physicist and author whose work connects cosmology, the physical limits of intelligence and the long-term consequences of artificial intelligence. His Life 1.0–3.0 taxonomy distinguishes genetically fixed adaptation, cultural software change and technological life capable of redesigning its own hardware. ## Routes [[wiki/Life 3.0|Life 3.0]] · [[wiki/Artificial Life|Artificial Life]] · [[wiki/Self-Directed Evolution|Self-Directed Evolution]] · [[wiki/Substrate Independence|Substrate Independence]] ## Official source - [Max Tegmark at MIT](https://space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/) ## Simple Reminders, Quotations, and Thoughts > “Life 1.0 is really dumb life, like bacteria, and no offense to trilobites. It won’t learn anything during its lifetime and has its intelligence basically hard coded in by its DNA. And I call us here Life 2.0, because unlike bacteria, we actually learn stuff during our lifetime. We can install new software in our brains, basically, but we still can’t upgrade our hardware. Life 3.0 can replace not just its software, but also its hardware. If it decides to be stronger or faster or whatever, it can upgrade its hardware.” > **— Max Tegmark**, *American Museum of Natural History Isaac Asimov Memorial Debate, September 2020* [[reminders/Evolution/Life 3.0 Can Upgrade Both Software and Hardware by Max Tegmark|Life 3.0 Can Upgrade Both Software and Hardware by Max Tegmark]]