Med-X - Bryant McGill

# Med-X **Entity class:** Journal **Domain:** Biomedical Engineering **Doc Type:** Journal Node **Maturity:** Developed ## Definition **Med-X is an open-access journal of biomedical engineering published by Shanghai Jiao Tong University with Springer Nature.** It is distinct from the similarly named journals it is most often confused with: *Nature Biomedical Engineering* (Nature Portfolio), Cell Press's *Med*, and the *Annals of Biomedical Engineering* — different publishers, different journals. Med-X is the young SJTU/Springer title, first published in 2023. ## Overview Med-X publishes breakthrough advances and state-of-the-art reviews across interdisciplinary basic and translational topics in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Each volume is a single December issue. As of 23 October 2026 the journal holds 93 articles: Volume 1 (2023) 13, Volume 2 (2024) 28, Volume 3 (2025) 27, Volume 4 (2026) 25. Article numbers restart at 1 in each volume. - Editor-in-Chief: Lisa X. Xu. Co-Editor-in-Chief: Song Li. Executive Editors-in-Chief: Jun Chen, Brian Fowlkes, Shanbao Tong, Jian Ye. - Electronic ISSN 2731-8710; print ISSN 2097-440X. - Journal metrics: CiteScore 7.5 (2025), SNIP 0.905 (2025), SJR 1.127 (2025), 169.8k downloads (2025), median 23 days from submission to first decision. Selected for inclusion in the Web of Science. - Publishing model: open access; the print version is not for sale by Springer Nature. ## Collections - Advances in Brain-Machine Interface — open for submissions, deadline 18 December 2026. - Soft bioelectronics for Personalized Healthcare — open for submissions, ongoing. - Med-X Young Investigator Award — by invitation only; not a special issue. ## In the corpus Med-X matters to the vault for five threads: the [[wiki/Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective|BCI-2035 Perspective]] (9 October 2026), which ranks the indications that will carry brain-computer interfaces through the next decade; [[wiki/Vagus Nerve Stimulation|wearable vagus nerve stimulation]] for depression; delivery physics for gene and RNA therapeutics (lipid-nanoparticle elasticity, circular RNA, non-viral delivery across the blood–brain barrier, tissue nanotransfection); closed-loop sensing and dosing hardware; and a measured audit of statistical reporting quality in biomedicine. Each paper below carries its own wiki and inference threads. ## Papers All 93 articles, newest volume first and in publication order within each volume. Each entry gives the article type, date and Springer Nature link, a distillation of the abstract, and then its threads into the corpus: related wiki nodes, the [[research/Research Inferences|Research Inferences]] it anchors (with the register's tier), a short note on its bearing, and any missing node it points to. ### Volume 4 (2026) — 25 articles #### Localized dynamic lensing with instantaneous extended depth of field via collinear light–sound interactions *Research article · 06 January 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00067-1)* Collinear co- and counter-propagating light–sound interactions create a dynamic 3D-variable refractive index, giving an acousto-optic lens localized single-point focus with instantaneous, real-time extended depth of field and dynamic control of focal location, depth of field, lateral resolution and optical throughput. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Ultrasound Neurotechnology|Ultrasound Neurotechnology]] · [[wiki/Optogenetics|Optogenetics]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0029 *analytic* · INF-0037 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Light–sound interaction extends optical focus through tissue, the depth limit that bounds every optical read and write channel. --- #### Multimodal thermal therapy for solid tumor: a new interventional immunomodulatory therapy *Review · 08 January 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00068-0)* Reviews multimodal thermal therapy as a new interventional immunomodulatory therapy, combining primary tumor destruction with long-term antitumor immunity achieved through myeloid-cell hyperactivation, and discusses opportunities and challenges of conventional thermal ablation. **Missing node:** `Tumor Ablation` --- #### Tumor size-dependent outcomes of radiofrequency ablation for colorectal cancer pulmonary metastases: a single-center retrospective study *Research article · 02 February 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00075-1)* In 237 patients, radiofrequency ablation showed size-dependent efficacy, with ≤2 cm colorectal cancer pulmonary metastases achieving superior 5-year overall survival, and lesions >1 cm from the pleural surface as a prognostic predictor, positioning RFA as definitive local therapy for small lesions. **Missing node:** `Tumor Ablation` --- #### Engineered macrophages containing RvE1 enable treatment of atherosclerosis by immune training and phenotypic modulation of macrophages *Research article · 26 February 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00074-2)* Engineered macrophages target vascular lesions and enable pH-responsive resolvin E1 release, promoting M2 phenotypic modulation and, in ApoE-deficient mice, reducing plaque thickness by 71.46% and plaque area by 89.74%. **Wiki:** [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] · [[wiki/Synthetic Biology|Synthetic Biology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0312 *established* **Bearing:** Engineered immune cells that home to a lesion and release their payload on a local pH signal are a condition-responsive living drug. --- #### Review of generative AI for lesion localization and automatic report generation *Review · 02 March 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00076-8)* Frames lesion localization and report generation as two fundamental, complementary tasks, offers an integrated perspective on generative AI for both, and argues future work should integrate them in one unified system. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Medical AI|Medical AI]] · [[wiki/Generative AI|Generative AI]] · [[wiki/Clinical Decision Support|Clinical Decision Support]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0360 *analytic* **Bearing:** Unifying localization and reporting in one generative system moves the radiologist toward supervising a model's output. --- #### Temporal attention and its modulation on visual perception *Review · 10 March 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00078-6)* Synthesizes research on how temporal attention — selectively prioritizing moments in time — modulates visual perception, outlining core empirical findings and theoretical frameworks, noting heterogeneous results and the need for further research on underlying mechanisms. **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0092 *plausible* **Bearing:** Temporal attention is the variable an adaptive interface would read and pace against. --- #### Unlocking the potential of engineered circular RNA therapeutics *Review · 19 March 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00079-5)* Covalently closed circular RNAs offer nuclease resistance and low immunogenicity with diverse biological functions; the review covers design, manufacturing and translation for high-level, long-lasting expression, plus delivery platforms and therapeutic applications. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0334 *strongly indicated* · INF-0346 *analytic* **Bearing:** Nuclease-resistant, low-immunogenicity circular RNA gives long-lasting expression from a designed, manufacturable molecule. --- #### Bioinspired bioadhesion: translating nature's adhesive strategies into regenerative medicine *Review · 01 April 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00080-y)* Surveys diverse natural bioadhesives and adhesion strategies in aquatic and terrestrial organisms, their physicochemical mechanisms, and bioinspired synthetic adhesives and micro-/nanoscale systems for regenerative medicine. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] --- #### Early diagnosis of melanoma through in situ monitoring using a microneedle colorimetric device *Research article · 02 April 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00081-x)* Presents a portable microneedle device with a lyophilized gelatin hydrogel sheet for minimally invasive, in situ interstitial-fluid collection and high-sensitivity colorimetric lactate dehydrogenase measurement for early melanoma diagnosis. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Biosensor Environment|Biosensor Environment]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0303 *plausible* · INF-0320 *plausible* **Bearing:** Minimally invasive interstitial-fluid sampling extends continuous sensing to a cancer biomarker. --- #### Application of different energy ablations in the treatment of solid tumors *Review · 03 April 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00077-7)* Systematically reviews energy ablation modalities for solid tumors, their mechanisms and clinical evidence, AI-driven precision advances, and the need for standardized protocols and individualized treatment. **Missing node:** `Tumor Ablation` --- #### Examining the effect of lipid nanoparticle elasticity on endocytosis and mRNA delivery to cancer cells *Research article · 01 May 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00082-w)* Low-to-intermediate-stiffness lipid nanoparticles enhance mRNA delivery in liver, ovarian and lung cancer cells, with clathrin-mediated and lipid-raft-mediated endocytosis contributing to uptake in all three lines. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0315 *strongly indicated* · INF-0334 *strongly indicated* · INF-0505 *plausible, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Particle stiffness tunes uptake route, which makes redosable mRNA delivery a materials-property search. **Missing node:** `Lipid Nanoparticle` --- #### Surface-induced mechano-regulation of macrophages: emerging strategies for immunotherapy *Review · 02 May 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00083-9)* Surface mechanical regulation is presented as a transformative paradigm for programming macrophage behavior, with mechano-engineered interfaces as tools for next-generation immunotherapies and regenerative medicine, alongside translational challenges and AI/machine-learning roles. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0321 *plausible* **Bearing:** Surface mechanics as a programming input for immune cells is a non-genetic control channel on immune state. --- #### CT-guided radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous cementoplasty in the treatment of bone metastases: a single-center experience *Research article · 08 May 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00085-7)* In 69 patients, combined CT-guided radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous cementoplasty effectively alleviated pain, enhanced quality of life and delayed tumor progression, with trabecular bone score, radiation therapy, metastasis location and ablation power as independent factors. **Missing node:** `Tumor Ablation` --- #### Repurposing the skin to heal the body: Tissue Nanotransfection (TNT) as a therapeutic platform *Perspective · 01 June 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00084-8)* TNT turns accessible tissues into biofactories releasing extracellular vesicles and bioactive molecules, enabling studies of inter-organ communication and, in future adaptations, engineered cells acting beyond the application site. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] · [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0313 *strongly indicated* · INF-0325 *analytic* · INF-0503 *plausible, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Skin reprogrammed into a biofactory is in-body manufacturing without surgical access to the target organ. **Missing node:** `Tissue Nanotransfection` --- #### Multiscale fabrication strategy combining femtosecond laser 3D printing and nanomaterials for organ-on-a-chip *Review · 15 June 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00089-3)* Reviews femtosecond-laser 3D printing combined with nanomaterials for organ-on-a-chip, enabling multiscale fabrication beyond conventional limits and sensor integration via enhanced photoresists. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Organoid and Biohybrid Neural Systems|Organoid and Biohybrid Neural Systems]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0140 *plausible* · INF-0163 *established* **Bearing:** Multiscale printing with integrated sensors is the fabrication path for instrumented tissue test beds. **Missing node:** `Organ-on-a-Chip` --- #### Engineering immune niches: biochemical, mechanical, and spatial design principles for translational hydrogels *Review · 22 June 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00087-5)* Implanted biomaterials recruit cells into multicellular immune niches; biochemical cargo, matrix mechanics and adhesion cues shape recruitment and function, and single-cell and spatial technologies reveal niche organization. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0321 *plausible* **Bearing:** Implants that recruit and organize immune niches are designed immune control surfaces. --- #### Correction: Application of different energy ablations in the treatment of solid tumors *Correction · 28 June 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00086-6)* No abstract available. **Bearing:** Correction to *Application of different energy ablations in the treatment of solid tumors* (3 April 2026). --- #### Multiple applications of cardiac organoids *Review · 01 July 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00088-4)* Cardiac organoids offer high physiological fidelity for modeling myocardial infarction, heart failure and cardiomyopathy, are used in drug toxicity assessment and regenerative medicine, and AI integration improves construction and multidimensional monitoring. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] · [[wiki/Digital Twin|Digital Twin]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0164 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** AI-integrated multidimensional monitoring of organoids joins living models to computational ones; perfusion remains the gate on tissue volume. --- #### Scalable optical metasurfaces for ultrasensitive, label-free and real-time biosensing *Research article · 14 July 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00090-w)* Demonstrates scalable, high-throughput gold nanohole-array metasurfaces with optofluidic integration for label-free biosensing, achieving 498 nm/RIU sensitivity, 0.17 ng/mL biomolecule detection and ≲1×10⁷/mL nanoparticle detection. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Biosensor Environment|Biosensor Environment]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0303 *plausible* **Bearing:** Label-free, real-time detection at nanogram-per-milliliter sensitivity widens the analyte list for continuous sensing. --- #### Mechano-regulation of tumor metastasis: from intravasation to extravasation *Review · 27 July 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00091-9)* Reviews how geometric confinement, hydraulic resistance and fluid shear stress affect disseminated cancer cells from intravasation through circulation to extravasation and distant lesions. **Missing node:** `Mechanobiology` --- #### Wearable vagus nerve stimulation for depression: mechanisms, devices, and the road toward personalized neuromodulation *Review · 25 August 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00092-8)* Reviews wearable non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression, covering auricular and cervical approaches, mechanisms from monoamines to brain networks, device design and safety, and AI-driven closed-loop personalization. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Vagus Nerve Stimulation|Vagus Nerve Stimulation]] · [[wiki/Treatment-Resistant Depression|Treatment-Resistant Depression]] · [[wiki/Closed-Loop Neuromodulation|Closed-Loop Neuromodulation]] · [[wiki/Networked Body|Networked Body]] · [[wiki/Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective|Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0305 *established* · INF-0306 *strongly indicated* · INF-0371 *plausible* · INF-0502 *plausible, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Wearable stimulation with AI-tuned parameters moves the adaptive loop from hardware to model, inside one of the four top BCI indications. --- #### Modulating senescence for therapeutic delivery *Review · 07 September 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00093-7)* Senescence is a promising target in age-related diseases and cancer, but senolytics and senomorphics suffer limited specificity, off-target toxicity and poor timing/dosage control; the review surveys advanced delivery systems to improve targeting and outcomes. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0429 *strongly indicated* · INF-0336 *plausible* **Bearing:** Delivery systems that time and target senolytics are the missing half of maintenance-by-clearance. --- #### Harnessing biomaterial-based immunomodulation for cardiac repair and regeneration *Review · 28 September 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00094-6)* Reviews immune cells in infarcted heart injury and repair and three biomaterial immunomodulation strategies — nanoparticle delivery, injectable hydrogels and implantable cardiac patches — plus translational challenges. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0315 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Nanoparticles, injectable hydrogels and implanted patches are three routes for addressing a payload to injured tissue. --- #### Identifying brain-computer interface translational priorities with an outlook on the field in 2035 *Perspective · 09 October 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00095-5)* Uses an urgency–importance–impact framework based on disability-adjusted life years for 12 neurological conditions, identifying Alzheimer's disease, stroke, depression and anxiety as top strategic BCI targets. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective|Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective]] · [[wiki/Brain-Computer Interfaces|Brain-Computer Interfaces]] · [[wiki/Neurotechnology Ecosystem|Neurotechnology Ecosystem]] · [[wiki/Motif Neurotech|Motif Neurotech]] · [[wiki/Cortec|Cortec]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0491 *analytic* · INF-0490 *strongly indicated* · INF-0501 *analytic, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** A DALY-weighted ranking names the indications that will carry BCI capability through the next decade. --- #### The prevalence of misreporting and misinterpreting correlation coefficients in biomedical literature *Perspective · 22 October 2026 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-026-00096-4)* Reviews 1,327 correlation analyses in 310 biomedical articles and finds only 1.94% reported confidence intervals and 58.71% omitted sample sizes, urging reporting of sample size, coefficient and interval rather than point estimates or p-values alone. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Continuity Evidence Ladder|Continuity Evidence Ladder]] · [[wiki/Reproducibility|Reproducibility]] · [[wiki/Peer Review|Peer Review]] · [[wiki/Epistemology|Epistemology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0256 *analytic* · INF-0504 *analytic, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Reporting quality is a measurable discount on every biomedical anchor the register relies on. ### Volume 3 (2025) — 27 articles #### Implantable physical sensors for in vivo organ monitoring *Review · 08 January 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00047-x)* Reviews implantable strain, pressure, temperature and flow sensors, their engineering and in vivo performance, and challenges including flexibility, biocompatibility, stability and bench-to-clinic translation. **Wiki:** [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] · [[wiki/Networked Body|Networked Body]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0012 *plausible* · INF-0303 *plausible* · INF-0318 *analytic* **Bearing:** Implanted strain, pressure, temperature and flow sensors are the organ-level state vector of the instrumented body. --- #### Towards NeuroAI: introducing neuronal diversity into artificial neural networks *Perspective · 09 January 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00042-2)* Examines biological neuronal diversity and information processing, explores novel neuron models, and argues that diverse neurons could address efficiency, interpretability and memory in artificial networks. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Neuromorphic Computing|Neuromorphic Computing]] · [[wiki/Spiking Neural Network|Spiking Neural Network]] · [[wiki/Artificial Neural Networks|Artificial Neural Networks]] · [[wiki/Cell Type|Cell Type]] · [[wiki/Whole-Brain Emulation|Whole-Brain Emulation]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0109 *plausible* · INF-0133 *plausible* · INF-0184 *established* **Bearing:** Neuronal diversity as a design principle is the same cell-class question emulation must answer for sufficiency. --- #### Advances in wearable energy storage and harvesting systems *Review · 14 January 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00048-w)* Reviews flexible, stretchable and lightweight wearable energy systems, covering solar cells, biofuel cells, triboelectric and magnetoelastic generators, supercapacitors and lithium- and zinc-ion batteries, and their energy density, power and durability. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0018 *analytic* · INF-0093 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Power is the first ceiling on body-worn and implanted sensing. --- #### Comparative efficacy of NIBS and Physical Exercise on cognitive function in patients with MCI or AD: a systematic review and meta-analysis *Review · 17 January 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00045-z)* A systematic review and meta-analysis of 79 randomized controlled trials comparing non-invasive brain stimulation and physical exercise for cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, finding both improved global cognition, with non-invasive brain stimulation appearing more promising for delaying decline. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective|Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0371 *plausible* · INF-0491 *analytic* · INF-0501 *analytic, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Seventy-nine trials favoring non-invasive stimulation for cognition give the Alzheimer's carrier its evidence base. --- #### Flexible and stretchable bioelectronics for organoids *Review · 01 February 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00046-y)* Reviews flexible and stretchable electronics for organoid-electronic hybrids, aiming at chronically stable interfaces and multimodal recording throughout three-dimensional tissues, including integration with artificial intelligence and patient-specific models. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Organoid Intelligence|Organoid Intelligence]] · [[wiki/Organoid and Biohybrid Neural Systems|Organoid and Biohybrid Neural Systems]] · [[wiki/Biohybrid Neural Systems|Biohybrid Neural Systems]] · [[wiki/Microelectrode Array|Microelectrode Array]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0140 *plausible* · INF-0163 *established* · INF-0164 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Chronically stable, three-dimensional electronic interfaces are the instrument layer biological compute depends on. --- #### Optical imaging unveiling metabolic dynamics in cells and organisms during aging and diseases *Review · 20 February 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00049-9)* Reviews stimulated Raman scattering imaging and heavy-water probing for studying metabolic dynamics in biomolecules in organisms during aging and disease, and their future applications. **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0322 *plausible* **Bearing:** Imaging metabolic dynamics in aging supplies the measurement that metabolic longevity interventions require. --- #### Advances in smart textiles for personal thermal management *Review · 03 March 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00050-w)* Reviews heat-transfer and radiant-heat regulation principles for personal thermal management textiles, covering radiative cooling, radiative heating and smart heating/cooling systems, and their obstacles and prospective solutions. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] --- #### The potential application of electrical stimulation in tendon repair: a review *Review · 04 March 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00051-9)* Reviews how electrical stimulation can guide collagen orientation, promote tissue differentiation and enhance tendon repair, focusing on piezoelectric, conductive and triboelectric bioactive materials and scaffolds. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0306 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Electrical cues that direct tissue repair extend the reversible, tunable logic of electrical therapeutics. --- #### The continuous actuation of liquid metal with a 3D-printed electrowetting device *Research article · 01 April 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00052-8)* Demonstrates sustained liquid-metal actuation by sequentially applying short direct-current pulses through a multi-electrode continuous-electrowetting system for at least nine hours, and transport of conducting, non-conducting and magnetic materials in a microchannel, as a step toward miniaturized wearable electro-mechanical systems. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] --- #### Intelligent sensing devices and systems for personalized mental health *Review · 02 April 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00057-3)* Reviews intelligent sensing devices and systems for diagnosing, monitoring and managing mental disorders, including wearable sensors for long-term monitoring, early screening and treatment evaluation, and emerging artificial intelligence and digital-health advances. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Networked Body|Networked Body]] · [[wiki/Treatment-Resistant Depression|Treatment-Resistant Depression]] · [[wiki/Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective|Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0093 *strongly indicated* · INF-0215 *analytic* · INF-0501 *analytic, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Wearable sensing of mental state turns peripheral telemetry into evidence of internal state for the depression and anxiety carriers. --- #### Research and prospects of strategies for surface-modified coatings on blood-contacting materials *Review · 30 April 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00056-4)* Reviews bio-inert and bioactive surface-modification strategies for blood-contacting materials, including bionic coatings mimicking endothelial environments to improve hemocompatibility and promote endothelialization and reduce long-term implant complications. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Vascular Integration|Vascular Integration]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0056 *analytic* **Bearing:** Hemocompatible coatings are the reliability layer every endovascular device inherits. --- #### Adhesive bioelectronics for closed-loop therapy *Review · 01 May 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00055-5)* Reviews wearable and implantable bioelectronics designed for conformal tissue adhesion and long-term stability, including ultrathin stretchable designs and adhesive hydrogels, and their integration into closed-loop therapies. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Closed-Loop Control|Closed-Loop Control]] · [[wiki/Neural Interface|Neural Interface]] · [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0008 *established* · INF-0317 *plausible* · INF-0318 *analytic* **Bearing:** Conformal adhesion and long-term stability are the materials result chronic closed-loop interfaces wait on. --- #### SCLN: Stacked Channel Learning Network for Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) cell segmentation *Research article · 02 May 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00053-7)* Proposes a two-phase Stacked Channel Learning Network for imaging mass cytometry cell segmentation, in which a pre-trained Res-U-Net generates masks that are then refined alongside biomarker channels, achieving a Dice score of 91.45% on a METABRIC breast-cancer dataset. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Deep Learning|Deep Learning]] · [[wiki/Computer Vision|Computer Vision]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0103 *strongly indicated* · INF-0109 *plausible* **Bearing:** Automated segmentation of multiplexed molecular images is the same labor-automation problem connectomics faces. --- #### Close-loop therapy with continuous sensing and on-demand drug delivery in the bladder *Review · 01 June 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00058-2)* Reviews wearable, implantable and intravesical devices for bladder monitoring and minimally invasive, long-term intravesical drug delivery, and the prospect of integrating soft bioelectronics with drug delivery for closed-loop bladder treatment. **Wiki:** [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] · [[wiki/Closed-Loop Control|Closed-Loop Control]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0303 *plausible* · INF-0317 *plausible* · INF-0350 *plausible* **Bearing:** Continuous sensing joined to on-demand dosing is closed-loop drug delivery in a working organ system. --- #### Rethink the motor cortical control via the experiment-analysis-model flywheel: an overview *Review · 24 July 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00059-1)* Describes the experiment-analysis-model flywheel for motor-cortex research, in which large-scale neural-data experiments, computational analysis and computational models drive one another, and discusses leveraging the findings for high-performance brain-computer interfaces and restoring motor function in paralysis. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Neural Decoding|Neural Decoding]] · [[wiki/Brain-Computer Interfaces|Brain-Computer Interfaces]] · [[wiki/Neural Network Alignment|Neural Network Alignment]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0014 *analytic* · INF-0094 *plausible* · INF-0149 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** The experiment–analysis–model flywheel is the scaling logic of neural foundation models applied to motor cortex. --- #### Wireless, passive inductor-capacitor sensors for biomedical applications *Review · 21 August 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00060-8)* Reviews battery- and wire-free passive wireless inductor-capacitor sensors, their theoretical foundations and equivalent components, and their pressure, strain, humidity, temperature and chemical sensing in wearable and implantable scenarios. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] · [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0013 *plausible* · INF-0018 *analytic* · INF-0318 *analytic* **Bearing:** Battery-free, wire-free sensing decouples implant count from power and wiring. --- #### The inaugural Med-X Young Investigator Award in bioelectronics *Editorial · 21 August 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00061-7)* No abstract available. **Bearing:** Editorial for the bioelectronics award listed under Collections. --- #### Quantitative analysis and prediction of corrective force in scoliosis brace-treated patients *Research article · 09 September 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00064-4)* In 30 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, quantified brace corrective forces during standardized movements and postures, finding forces exceeding 40 N typically applied at the major curve apex, and established a prediction formula based on gender, age, Risser grade and position. --- #### Dysphagia assessment based on photoacoustic imaging: a pilot ex vivo and in vivo study in infant swine models *Research article · 22 October 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00062-6)* Tests photoacoustic imaging as a non-invasive alternative to videofluoroscopic and endoscopic dysphagia assessment, validating charcoal-flow detection ex vivo and, in live pigs synchronized with videofluoroscopy, showing it can visualize the same structures, suggesting a safer approach particularly for pediatric assessment. --- #### Biomechanics and mechanobiology of the cell nucleus *Review · 31 October 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00063-5)* Reviews nuclear mechanics, mechanotransduction pathways and methods for assessing nuclear mechanical properties, including how mechanical strains and osmotic stresses transmitted through the cytoskeleton and LINC complex link nuclear remodeling to gene expression, differentiation and diseases such as cardiovascular disease, aging and cancer. **Missing node:** `Mechanobiology` --- #### Optical strategies for in vivo retinal ganglion cell imaging *Review · 17 November 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00066-2)* Reviews optical technologies for in vivo retinal ganglion cell imaging, comparing scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, optical coherence tomography and two-photon imaging, and discussing functional and vascular imaging, specialized fluorophores, handheld devices and machine-learning segmentation and classification. **Wiki:** [[wiki/PRIMA Retinal Implant|PRIMA Retinal Implant]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0017 *plausible* **Bearing:** In vivo imaging of the retinal cells that retinal write devices stimulate. --- #### Mapping 20 years of fluorescence-guided surgery: a bibliometric landscape analysis *Review · 26 November 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00069-z)* A bibliometric analysis of 1,693 articles from 2003 to the end of 2023 on fluorescence-guided surgery, identifying the United States and China as the largest contributors, tumor resection and sentinel lymph node mapping as key themes, and 5-aminolevulinic acid and indocyanine green as frequent keywords, with a detailed analysis of 102 near-infrared-II imaging articles. --- #### Frontiers in mechanobiology and mechanomedicine *Perspective · 28 November 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00071-5)* Drawn from the 2025 Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering Conference, discusses how mechanical cues regulate immune response, stem-cell differentiation, cell migration and metabolism, and the engineering tools and challenges in translating mechanobiology into mechanomedicine. **Missing node:** `Mechanobiology` --- #### Dual-tracer fluorescence imaging and surgical resection of metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer: sensitivity, specificity, and first-in-human results *Research article · 28 November 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00072-4)* Tests dual-tracer fluorescence imaging combining indocyanine green and 5-aminolevulinic acid, reporting nearly 100% sensitivity for metastatic lymph nodes in animal xenografts and first-in-human breast-cancer patients while conserving 81.3% and 89.7% of histologically negative nodes, respectively. --- #### A review of light-field imaging in biomedical sciences *Review · 16 December 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00070-6)* Reviews light-field imaging, which captures volumetric information in a single snapshot by encoding spatial and angular components, covering microscopy, mesoscopy and endoscopy, speed-resolution-depth trade-offs, and advances in compressive sensing, deep learning and meta-optics. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Calcium Imaging|Calcium Imaging]] · [[wiki/Voltage Imaging|Voltage Imaging]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0037 *strongly indicated* · INF-0127 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Snapshot volumetric imaging is the optical route to whole-brain activity recording at speed. --- #### High frequency ultrasound imaging and ultrasound elastography in osteoarthritis assessment – current status and future perspectives *Review · 22 December 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00054-6)* Reviews high-frequency B-mode ultrasound, Doppler and elastography for cartilage morphology, mechanics and blood flow in osteoarthritis, including quasi-static and dynamic elastography for quantifying cartilage stiffness to aid early diagnosis, and their technical and non-technical challenges. --- #### Application and prospects of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of brain glioma *Review · 22 December 2025 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-025-00073-3)* Reviews photodynamic therapy for brain glioma, in which photosensitizers and specific light generate reactive oxygen species to selectively target tumor, damage vasculature and activate immunity, including combination strategies with chemotherapy, nanomaterials and immunotherapy and clinical evidence in high-grade and recurrent glioma. ### Volume 2 (2024) — 28 articles #### Employing toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reactions for biomedical applications *Review · 29 January 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00015-5)* Reviews toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reactions, their working principle and in silico design, and their applications in detecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms, variants, microRNAs and whole cells, programmable drug delivery, and regulation of transcription and protein therapies. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Synthetic Biology|Synthetic Biology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0311 *established* · INF-0314 *plausible* **Bearing:** Toehold-mediated strand displacement is programmable molecular logic opened by a molecular key. --- #### Mapping the distribution of tension across paxillin upon shear stress with FRET-based biosensor *Research article · 18 March 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00017-3)* Uses a DNA-encoded FRET biosensor and fluorescence image processing to map spatiotemporal tension across paxillin under shear stress, finding tension polarity between upstream and downstream zones mediated by membrane fluidity and integrity and the cytoskeleton, and implicating paxillin in shear-induced cell polarity. **Missing node:** `Mechanobiology` --- #### Combining multi-mode thermal therapy with IL-6 and IL-17A neutralization amplifies antitumor immunity to facilitate long-term survival in LLC1-bearing mice *Research article · 03 April 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00016-4)* In a mouse LLC1 non-small-cell lung cancer model, combining multi-mode thermal therapy with IL-6 and IL-17A neutralization, rather than single-cytokine neutralization alone, efficiently improved survival, reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cell accumulation, promoted myeloid maturation, and triggered a Th1-dominant CD4+ T-cell response. **Missing node:** `Tumor Ablation` --- #### Shear wave ultrasound elastography for estimating cartilage stiffness: implications for early detection of osteoarthritis *Research article · 12 April 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00018-2)* Tests shear-wave ultrasound elastography ex vivo in bovine osteochondral units, finding shear-wave speed significantly decreased after trypsin degradation and surface roughening and increased after subchondral bone degeneration, supporting its feasibility for differentiating cartilage elastic properties in osteoarthritis. --- #### AttSiOff: a self-attention-based approach on siRNA design with inhibition and off-target effect prediction *Research article · 23 April 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00019-1)* Proposes AttSiOff, combining a self-attention-based inhibition predictor using RNA-FM embeddings with an mRNA searching package and off-target filter, which outperformed existing methods in cross-validation and showed practical application for five mature siRNA drugs and a new AGT target gene. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] · [[wiki/Self-Attention|Self-Attention]] · [[wiki/Machine Learning|Machine Learning]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0342 *strongly indicated* · INF-0346 *analytic* **Bearing:** Attention-based siRNA design with off-target filtering makes the therapeutic a computed artifact. --- #### Advancement in modulation of brain extracellular space and unlocking its potential for intervention of neurological diseases *Review · 03 May 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00021-7)* Reviews regulation and dysfunction of the brain extracellular space in healthy and pathological brains, advanced tools for investigating its properties, and modulation methods that could restore brain function in neurological diseases. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Molecular Neural Interfaces|Molecular Neural Interfaces]] · [[wiki/Intranasal CNS Delivery|Intranasal CNS Delivery]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0032 *established* · INF-0339 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** The brain's extracellular space is the delivery path every CNS therapeutic and molecular interface must cross. --- #### Biomaterials-enabled electrical stimulation for tissue healing and regeneration *Review · 21 May 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00020-8)* Reviews electroactive biomaterials, including in situ electroconductive matrices responsive to biochemical or physical stimuli such as glucose, light, magnetism and stress, for stimulating cells and tissues in healing and regeneration, and their limitations and clinical-translation challenges. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0306 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Electroactive biomaterials deliver stimulation without wires or leads. --- #### Atomic force microscopy in the characterization and clinical evaluation of neurological disorders: current and emerging technologies *Review · 03 June 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00022-6)* Reviews atomic force microscopy at nanometre-scale and piconewton force resolution for brain cells, tissues and microenvironments, and its clinical use in early detection and monitoring of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and ALS and in grading and treating central nervous system tumors, with machine learning as an emerging aid. --- #### Engineering biomaterials by inkjet printing of hydrogels with functional particulates *Review · 03 July 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00024-4)* Reviews inkjet drop-on-demand printing of particle-laden hydrogels, examining water and particulate transport during ink formulation, jetting and curing, and applications in engineered tissues, drug delivery devices and advanced bioelectronic components. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] --- #### Strategic reuse of rapid antigen tests for coagulation status assessment: an integrated machine learning approach *Research article · 18 July 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00025-3)* Repurposes COVID-19 rapid antigen tests as paper-based lateral-flow assays combined with a random-forest machine-learning classifier and a mobile-app prototype, using red-blood-cell wicked diffusion distance to assess coagulation status and inform anticoagulant dosing. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Machine Learning|Machine Learning]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0374 *analytic* **Bearing:** A consumer test repurposed with a phone app is diagnostic capability moving to the consumer side. --- #### Dissolvable microneedle patch enables local delivery of immunomodulatory microparticles containing bifunctional molecules for periodontal tissue regeneration *Research article · 05 August 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00023-5)* Develops a dissolvable microneedle patch loaded with biodegradable microparticles for local, painless gingival delivery of azithromycin, which inhibits bacterial growth and modulates immune cells, decreasing inflammatory cytokines, increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines and M2 macrophages, and promoting tissue healing and bone regeneration in vivo. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] --- #### Single-atom materials boosting wearable orthogonal uric acid detection *Research article · 20 September 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00027-1)* Presents a wearable epidermal patch using single-atom Fe-Nx materials on laser-engraved graphene for orthogonal electrochemical uric acid detection, combining direct oxidation differential pulse voltammetry with parallel biocatalytic amperometry, and tests it in sweat before and after a purine-rich diet. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0303 *plausible* **Bearing:** Epidermal sensing adds another analyte to the continuous state vector. --- #### Toward long-term and high-precision multimodal intracranial biomarker monitoring *Commentary · 26 September 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00031-5)* Discusses minimally invasive implantable ultrasound metagel sensors for high-precision monitoring of intracranial pressure, temperature, pH and blood-flow velocity, with excellent biocompatibility and near-complete degradation, as an advance over existing intracranial monitoring technologies. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Ultrasound Neurotechnology|Ultrasound Neurotechnology]] · [[wiki/Neural Signal Acquisition|Neural Signal Acquisition]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0012 *plausible* · INF-0013 *plausible* · INF-0072 *unresolved* **Bearing:** Implanted sensors read acoustically for intracranial pressure, temperature, pH and flow are implant telemetry without wires. --- #### Challenges and prospects in utilizing technologies for gene fusion analysis in cancer diagnostics *Review · 29 September 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00033-3)* Reviews gene-fusion detection technologies including FISH, PCR, immunohistochemistry, electrochemical luminescence and next-generation sequencing, and bioinformatics tools STAR-Fusion, FusionCatcher and Arriba, plus artificial intelligence and deep-learning approaches for detecting and annotating fusions. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Genomics|Genomics]] --- #### Microneedle sensors for dermal interstitial fluid analysis *Review · 01 October 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00028-0)* Reviews microneedle sensor technology for minimally invasive, painless continuous monitoring using dermal interstitial fluid, covering design, fabrication and sensing strategies, integration with monitoring electronics, and representative monitoring and therapeutic applications. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Biosensor Environment|Biosensor Environment]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0302 *strongly indicated* · INF-0303 *plausible* **Bearing:** Microneedle interstitial-fluid sensing rides the cost curve continuous glucose monitoring built. --- #### Perspectives on non-genetic optoelectronic modulation biointerfaces for advancing healthcare *Perspective · 21 October 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00030-6)* Highlights three non-genetic optoelectronic photostimulation approaches — nanostructured phototransducers for cellular stimulation, micropatterned photoelectrode arrays for tissue stimulation, and thin-film flexible photoelectrodes for multisite stimulation — and their promise beyond neuromodulation in cardiology, oncology, wound healing and endocrine and respiratory therapies. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Optogenetics|Optogenetics]] · [[wiki/Molecular Neural Interfaces|Molecular Neural Interfaces]] · [[wiki/Nanoparticle Neural Interface|Nanoparticle Neural Interface]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0029 *analytic* · INF-0034 *plausible* **Bearing:** Non-genetic photostimulation is the write-access route that skips the sensitizing edit. --- #### In-situ engineering of native extracellular matrix to improve vascularization and tissue regeneration at the ischemic injury site *Research article · 28 October 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00037-z)* Designs the dual-function molecule LXW7-SILY, which binds integrin αvβ3 on endothelial cells and collagen, to remodel extracellular matrix in situ at ischemic sites, improving endothelial adhesion and survival in vitro and revascularization, blood perfusion and tissue regeneration in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0164 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** In situ vascularization is the perfusion gate on engineered and regenerated tissue volume. --- #### Hydrogel-based soft bioelectronics for personalized healthcare *Review · 01 November 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00036-0)* Reviews hydrogel-based soft bioelectronics, addressing mechanical matching across kilopascal-to-gigapascal tissue ranges, balancing and decoupling mechanical and electrical properties, and implantation and integration, and notes that truly multimodal systems remain a challenge. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Neural Interface|Neural Interface]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0008 *established* **Bearing:** Mechanical matching to tissue is the materials science behind chronic dwell time. --- #### Unveiling the complexity of G protein-coupled receptor heteromers: advances in live cell imaging technologies and biochemical methods *Review · 06 November 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00029-z)* Reviews methods for investigating G protein-coupled receptor heteromers, including co-immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assay, peptide approaches and live-cell imaging such as FRET, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, cpFP-based biosensors, TRUPATH and nanobody-based approaches. --- #### FRET verification of crucial interaction sites in RhoA regulation mediated by RhoGDI *Research article · 12 November 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00034-2)* Uses FRET measurements to verify crucial RhoGDI-RhoA interaction sites, identifying RhoGDI Asp185 as crucial, RhoA Arg68 as indispensable, and Thr37/Val38 as important for maintaining RhoA activity, and showing that RhoGDI decreased cellular stress fibers. --- #### Electrospun silk for biomedical applications *Review · 18 November 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00038-y)* Reviews rational design and controlled fabrication of electrospun silk nanofibers, which combine silk's biocompatibility, customizable biodegradability and mechanical properties with increased surface area, high porosity and good air permeability, for health monitoring, regenerative medicine and personal protection. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] --- #### Technologies and applications in wireless biosensors for real-time health monitoring *Review · 25 November 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00041-3)* Reviews wireless biosensing mechanisms and integration with radio-frequency, Bluetooth, energy-harvesting and data-communication technologies, covering wearable and implantable cardiac monitoring, prosthetic enhancements, electronic skin, contact lenses, osseosurface electronics and gastrointestinal capsule sensors. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] · [[wiki/Networked Body|Networked Body]] · [[wiki/Sensor Networks|Sensor Networks]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0318 *analytic* · INF-0352 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Wireless, energy-harvesting biosensors are the transport layer of the wearable–implant continuum. --- #### An optical flow battery enabled by trap-engineered nanophosphors *Research article · 02 December 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00035-1)* Introduces an optical flow battery that stores photon energy in circulating nanophosphor colloids, analogous to a redox flow battery, enabling photon-chemical energy conversion and decoupling of energy and power, envisioned for solar-energy storage and light delivery in animals and light-based therapy, diagnosis and surgery. --- #### Hydrogels in wearable neural interfaces *Review · 09 December 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00040-4)* Reviews hydrogels in wearable neural interfaces, highlighting biocompatibility, interfacial impedance, conductivity and adhesiveness, and their applications in wearable neural recording and neurostimulation. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Neural Interface|Neural Interface]] · [[wiki/Neural Signal Acquisition|Neural Signal Acquisition]] · [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0008 *established* · INF-0093 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Hydrogel electrodes for wearable recording and stimulation make passive neural sensing an accessory question. --- #### Artificial intelligence on biomedical signals: technologies, applications, and future directions *Review · 10 December 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00043-1)* Reviews supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement-learning methods for biomedical signal analysis, arguing that artificial intelligence improves signal-processing precision and efficiency and expands access to high-level diagnostic insights in regions with limited specialist access. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Machine Learning|Machine Learning]] · [[wiki/Deep Learning|Deep Learning]] · [[wiki/Neural Decoding|Neural Decoding]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0094 *plausible* · INF-0361 *plausible* **Bearing:** Learned signal analysis is the triage layer that lets one clinician supervise continuous telemetry at scale. --- #### Engineering FRET biosensor for H3K9 acetylation imaging in single living cells *Research article · 11 December 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00032-4)* Develops a genetically encoded H3K9 acetylation FRET biosensor using a single BRD4 bromodomain, optimized by site-saturated mutagenesis to a dynamic FRET change of up to 30% upon trichostatin A treatment, and uses it to show increased H3K9 acetylation when cancer cells pass through microchannels modelling physical constraints. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Epigenetic Modification|Epigenetic Modification]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0337 *established* · INF-0428 *established* **Bearing:** Live-cell imaging of histone acetylation is a readout for reversible epigenetic control. --- #### Apoptotic extracellular vesicles: mechanisms, applications, and therapeutic potential *Review · 16 December 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00039-x)* Reviews apoptotic extracellular vesicles as intercellular-communication vesicles delivering bioactive molecules, covering their roles in tumor therapy, immune modulation and tissue regeneration, advances in isolation and engineering, and challenges in standardizing production, ensuring safety and addressing heterogeneity. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Regenerative Medicine|Regenerative Medicine]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0503 *plausible, proposed 2026-10-23* **Bearing:** Extracellular vesicles are the messenger mechanism tissue nanotransfection relies on. **Missing node:** `Tissue Nanotransfection` --- #### Isolation of circulating tumor cells: recent progress and future perspectives *Research article · 24 December 2024 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-024-00044-0)* Reviews circulating tumor cell isolation and enrichment strategies, their advantages and limitations, and the lack of uniform clinical standards, in the context of liquid biopsy for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment-response monitoring and metastasis mechanisms. ### Volume 1 (2023) — 13 articles #### X for medicine: exploration and innovation in biomedical engineering *Editorial · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00007-x)* No abstract available. **Bearing:** The journal's founding editorial. --- #### Noninvasive and affordable type 2 diabetes screening by deep learning-based risk assessment and detection using ophthalmic images inspired by traditional Chinese medicine *Research article · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00005-z)* Develops OcularSurfaceNet, a deep-learning model using entire ocular-surface images, trained and validated on 41,680 images from 67,151 participants and independently tested on 91,422 images from 12,544 participants, as an opportunistic, non-invasive, low-cost screening tool for type 2 diabetes risk and early identification. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Medical AI|Medical AI]] · [[wiki/Deep Learning|Deep Learning]] · [[wiki/Computer Vision|Computer Vision]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0320 *plausible* **Bearing:** Screening from ocular-surface images moves detection earlier and cheaper. --- #### Smart textiles for self-powered biomonitoring *Review · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00001-3)* Reviews smart textiles that convert biomechanical, biochemical and body-heat energy into electricity for long-term, real-time physiological monitoring, summarizing progress along those three energy-conversion pathways. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Wearable Wireless Device|Wearable Wireless Device]] · [[wiki/Networked Body|Networked Body]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0018 *analytic* · INF-0318 *analytic* **Bearing:** Self-powered textiles remove the battery from continuous biomonitoring. --- #### MRI-guided robot intervention—current state-of-the-art and new challenges *Review · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00003-1)* Reviews MRI-guided robotic intervention, combining MRI's soft-tissue contrast and spatiotemporal resolution without ionizing radiation with target localization and in situ monitoring, covering neurosurgery, breast and prostate biopsy, cardiovascular intervention and radiotherapy, and emerging targeted drug delivery and chemoembolization. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Robotics|Robotics]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0004 *strongly indicated* · INF-0353 *established* **Bearing:** Image-guided robotic intervention is the throughput asset of procedural scale. --- #### US-guided ablation of tumors – where is it used and how did we get there *Review · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00002-2)* Reviews ultrasound-guided tumor ablation, including radiofrequency, microwave, high-intensity focused ultrasound, cryoablation, percutaneous ethanol, laser and irreversible electroporation techniques, and their guideline-recommended first-line or alternative use for example in early hepatocellular carcinoma, T1a renal tumors and thyroid nodules, based on 2,508 reviewed articles. **Missing node:** `Tumor Ablation` --- #### Non-viral approaches for gene therapy and therapeutic genome editing across the blood–brain barrier *Review · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00004-0)* Reviews non-viral, systemically administered nanovectors designed to bypass the blood-brain barrier and deliver nucleic acids and genome editors to brain cells, and the ongoing challenges for brain-targeted gene therapy and genome editing. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] · [[wiki/Molecular Neural Interfaces|Molecular Neural Interfaces]] · [[wiki/Nanoparticle Neural Interface|Nanoparticle Neural Interface]] · [[wiki/Intranasal CNS Delivery|Intranasal CNS Delivery]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0031 *plausible* · INF-0334 *strongly indicated* · INF-0339 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Non-viral, systemic delivery of editors across the blood–brain barrier joins the editing toolkit to neurological application. --- #### Material design for oral insulin delivery *Review · 11 July 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00006-y)* Reviews material designs to improve oral insulin delivery against harsh gastrointestinal and intestinal barriers, focusing on enhancing insulin protection, permeability and glucose responsiveness. **Wiki:** [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0301 *established* **Bearing:** Oral insulin is the delivery counterpart to automated insulin dosing. --- #### Hyperactivity of platelets and increased megakaryopoiesis in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome *Research article · 22 August 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00009-9)* Reports more severe inflammation and platelet hyperactivity in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome than in infected patients without it, with increased hematopoietic stem, common myeloid, megakaryocyte-erythroid and megakaryocyte progenitor proportions suggesting a megakaryocytic differentiation tendency to replenish consumed platelets. **Wiki:** [[wiki/COVID-19|COVID-19]] --- #### Direct and quantitative assessments of near-infrared light attenuation and spectroscopic detection depth in biological tissues using surface-enhanced Raman scattering *Research article · 24 August 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00010-2)* Uses surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanotags embedded in six types of fresh ex vivo tissues to directly and quantitatively measure near-infrared light attenuation and spectroscopic detection depth in the NIR-I and NIR-II windows, defining detection depth at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 and relating it to tissue optical properties and overall system signal-to-noise ratio. **Wiki:** [[wiki/Optogenetics|Optogenetics]] **Inferences** ([[research/Research Inferences|register]]): INF-0029 *analytic* · INF-0037 *strongly indicated* **Bearing:** Measured light attenuation in tissue quantifies the optical depth limit. --- #### Fluorescence imaging deformability cytometry: integrating nuclear structure with mechanical phenotyping *Research article · 15 September 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00008-w)* Demonstrates single-cell deformability measurement of nucleus-stained whole cells by fluorescence imaging flow cytometry, introducing bending-energy-derived metrics that normalize for cytoskeletal cortex and nuclear shape changes, and applies the platform to neutrophils undergoing NETosis with drastic nuclear restructuring. **Missing node:** `Mechanobiology` --- #### Recent advances in cancer-on-a-chip tissue models to dissect the tumour microenvironment *Review · 13 October 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00011-1)* Reviews three-dimensional cancer-on-a-chip models incorporating multiple cell types and biomimetic extracellular matrix to replicate tumour-microenvironment hallmarks and allow real-time observation of cancer-host interactions, and their manufacturing, materials, drug-screening and long-term-culture challenges. **Missing node:** `Organ-on-a-Chip` --- #### Correction: Fluorescence imaging deformability cytometry: integrating nuclear structure with mechanical phenotyping *Correction · 06 November 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00012-0)* No abstract available. **Bearing:** Correction to *Fluorescence imaging deformability cytometry* (15 September 2023). --- #### Develop quantitative FRET (qFRET) technology as a high-throughput universal assay platform for basic quantitative biomedical and translational research and development *Review · 30 December 2023 · [Springer Nature Link](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44258-023-00014-y)* Describes quantitative FRET methodology using a cross-wavelength correlation coefficient to dissect sensitized FRET signals, enabling one assay platform to determine protein-interaction affinity, enzyme kinetics and pharmacological parameters such as Kd, Km, kcat, Vmax and IC50 in 384-well high-throughput mode. ## Relationships - **published_by:** Shanghai Jiao Tong University with Springer Nature (no wiki nodes yet for either publisher). - **publishes_priority_ranking →** [[wiki/Brain-Computer Interfaces|Brain-Computer Interfaces]] via [[wiki/Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective|Med-X BCI-2035 Perspective]] (9 October 2026); indication matches in [[wiki/Cortec|CorTec]] (stroke) and [[wiki/Motif Neurotech|Motif Neurotech]] (depression). - **reviews →** [[wiki/Networked Body|Networked Body]] via [[wiki/Vagus Nerve Stimulation|Vagus Nerve Stimulation]] (wearable VNS review, 25 August 2026). - **supplies_delivery_constraint →** [[wiki/Real-Time Genetic Repair|Real-Time Genetic Repair]] (lipid-nanoparticle elasticity, 1 May 2026; senescence delivery, 7 September 2026; circular RNA, 19 March 2026; non-viral delivery across the blood–brain barrier, 11 July 2023). - **supplies_platform_candidate →** [[wiki/In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology|In-Body Regulation and Autonomous Physiology]] (tissue nanotransfection, 1 June 2026; closed-loop bladder sensing and dosing, 1 June 2025; implantable organ sensors, 8 January 2025). - **audits_reporting_quality →** [[wiki/Continuity Evidence Ladder|Continuity Evidence Ladder]] (correlation-reporting Perspective, 22 October 2026). - **routes_from:** [[wiki/Neural Interfaces and Continuity Architecture|Neural Interfaces and Continuity Architecture]] (the open *Advances in Brain-Machine Interface* collection, deadline 18 December 2026). - **ecosystem:** [[wiki/Neurotechnology Ecosystem|Neurotechnology Ecosystem]] · [[collections/Neurotech|Neurotech]]. - **source context:** [[research/Research Inferences Integration Report - 2026-10-23|Research Inferences Integration Report — 2026-10-23]] (sections 6.2 and 9.2). ## Research Inferences These entries translate the forward-looking register in [[research/Research Inferences|Research Inferences]] into ordinary wiki prose. The tier labels apply to the inference, not automatically to every factual anchor inside it. Proposed IDs above INF-0500 come from the 2026-10-23 cycle: [[research/Research Inferences Integration Report - 2026-10-23|Research Inferences Integration Report — 2026-10-23]] · [[research/Research Inferences Integration Audit - 2026-10-23|Research Inferences Integration Audit — 2026-10-23]]. Med-X papers anchor 66 distinct inferences. The most frequently anchored: - **INF-0303** (plausible): 6 papers - **INF-0318** (analytic): 5 papers - **INF-0008** (established): 3 papers - **INF-0018** (analytic): 3 papers - **INF-0029** (analytic): 3 papers - **INF-0037** (strongly indicated): 3 papers - **INF-0093** (strongly indicated): 3 papers - **INF-0164** (strongly indicated): 3 papers - **INF-0306** (strongly indicated): 3 papers - **INF-0334** (strongly indicated): 3 papers - **INF-0501** (analytic, proposed): 3 papers - **INF-0012** (plausible): 2 papers ## Missing nodes indicated by these papers - `Tumor Ablation` — 6 papers - `Mechanobiology` — 5 papers - `Tissue Nanotransfection` — 2 papers - `Organ-on-a-Chip` — 2 papers - `Lipid Nanoparticle` — 1 paper ## Sources / Provenance - Med-X journal home, Springer Nature Link: https://link.springer.com/journal/44258 - Med-X full articles list: https://link.springer.com/journal/44258/articles - Individual article pages as linked per paper; descriptions distilled from each article's abstract on 23 October 2026. - Paper list restored on 23 October 2026 from the 93-article backup; the list was reorganized from bullets into per-paper entries with corpus threads. As of 23 October 2026.