# Non-Cooperative Games
**Domain:** game theory
**Doc Type:** Concept Node
**Classification:** Infrastructure Concept
**Maturity:** Foundational
**Related:** [[Game Theory]], [[Nash Equilibrium]], [[John Nash]], [[Objective Function]], [[Nonlinear Dynamics]]
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## Definition
**Strategic interactions where participants cannot form binding agreements**, each pursuing autonomous strategies subject only to rules of the game. Non-cooperative analysis applies to competition, conflict, and markets without overarching authority.
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## General Context
Economic competition and international relations are prototypical non-cooperative contexts. Non-cooperative game theory contrasts with cooperative game theory, which permits binding coalition agreements.
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## Key Insight
Non-cooperative games reveal why individual rationality can produce collectively inefficient outcomes (prisoner's dilemma, tragedy of the commons, arms races). Addressing these requires institutional structures that change payoff matrices.
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## See Also
[[The Algorithmic State]], [[Computational Governance]], [[Model-Based Governance]], [[Mathematical Foundations]], [[Governance Testbeds]]