# Non-Invasive BCI **Domain:** Brain-Computer Interfaces / Neurotechnology **Doc Type:** Concept Node **Maturity:** Established and Evolving **Related:** [[Brain-Computer Interfaces]], [[Electroencephalography]], [[Magnetoencephalography]], [[Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy]], [[Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging]] --- ## Definition A **non-invasive brain-computer interface** acquires brain-related signals without penetrating the skull or implanting an intracranial device. Common modalities include EEG, MEG, fNIRS, and fMRI. ## Standards context [[wiki/ISO-IEC TS 27571-2026|ISO/IEC TS 27571:2026]] specifies basic data elements, metadata, naming, and an extensible modular structure for non-invasive BCI data. Non-invasive access generally reduces surgical risk while trading away some spatial resolution, temporal resolution, signal strength, or portability depending on modality.