# Novel Attack Chain
**Entity class:** Adversarial-systems concept
## Definition
A **novel attack chain** combines individually familiar people, tools, accesses, procedures, or vulnerabilities into an attack sequence the defender has not modeled as a complete path. Novelty can reside in composition rather than in any single component.
## Relevance to this collection
It connects [[wiki/Attack Surface|Attack Surface]], [[wiki/Sociotechnical Attack Surface|Sociotechnical Attack Surface]], [[wiki/Attack Graph|Attack Graph]], and [[wiki/Zero-Day Threat Model|Zero-Day Threat Model]].
## Relationships
- **master collection:** [[collections/Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and the Intelligence Environment|Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and the Intelligence Environment]].
- **convergence:** [[wiki/Counterterrorism-Cybersecurity Convergence|Counterterrorism–Cybersecurity Convergence]].
## Sources / Provenance
- [National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, *The 9/11 Commission Report*, July 22, 2004](https://www.9-11commission.gov/report/911Report_Ch11.htm).
**As of:** 2026-09-23