# PNAS
> **Machine-Evolution Nexus:** [[articles/Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution|Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution]] places this node within the history and governance of substrate-independent evolution.
**Domain:** Scientific Publishing / Institution
**Doc Type:** Canonical Wiki Node
**Maturity:** Developed
## Definition
_Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences_ is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal published by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.
## Nexus Context
It published the 2026 evolvable-AI argument and its active replies, moving population-level machine evolution into a current scholarly dispute.
## Evidence Boundary
Publication establishes a citable research position, not consensus. The breeder-versus-ecosystem disagreement should remain visible rather than being flattened into prediction.
## Relationships
[[wiki/Evolvable AI|Evolvable AI]], [[wiki/Maarten Boudry|Maarten Boudry]], [[wiki/Peer Review|Peer Review]], [[wiki/Nature|Nature]]
## Sources / Provenance
- Müller, Steels and Szathmáry (2026) and linked PNAS replies.