# Path Dependency
**Domain:** Institutional Economics / Infrastructure / Governance
**Doc Type:** Concept Node
**Classification:** Lock-In Mechanism
**Maturity:** Established
**Related:** [[wiki/Ontological Drift|Ontological Drift]], [[wiki/Institutional Superorganism|Institutional Superorganism]], [[wiki/Technical Archaeology|Technical Archaeology]]
---
## Definition
**Path Dependency** describes processes in which earlier choices alter the cost and probability of later choices. Increasing returns, coordination effects, learning, installed infrastructure, contractual commitments and switching costs can lock a system into an inherited path even when alternatives later become superior.
## Continuity Consequence
Identity formats, custody contracts, storage encodings and registry rules can harden before their moral consequences are visible. Once persons, estates and institutions depend on them, changing a defective rule may threaten the very continuants the reform is meant to protect. Early technical defaults therefore become constitutional facts.
## Countermeasures
Interoperability, reversible migrations, export rights, modular standards, sunset review and explicit reversion paths reduce lock-in. They do not erase history; they preserve the ability to change course without destroying accumulated state.
## Sources
- Paul A. David, “Clio and the Economics of QWERTY,” *American Economic Review* 75 (1985).
- W. Brian Arthur, *Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy* (1994).
- Paul Pierson, “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics,” *American Political Science Review* 94 (2000).
## See Also
[[wiki/Sunset Provisions|Sunset Provisions]] · [[wiki/Infrastructure Capture|Infrastructure Capture]] · [[wiki/Migration Right|Migration Right]]