# Self-Replicating System
> **Machine-Evolution Nexus:** [[articles/Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution|Digital Darwinism and the Invisible World of Machine Evolution]] places this concept within the history and governance of substrate-independent evolution.
**Domain:** Computation / Biology / Continuity
**Doc Type:** Canonical Wiki Node
**Maturity:** Developed
## Definition
A self-replicating system is an organized process that produces another operational instance sufficiently similar to continue the copying lineage.
## Machine-Evolution Context
The definition includes a system’s dependence on external materials and machinery. No replicator is literally self-sufficient; the question is which causal work belongs to the replicator and which to its environment.
## Continuity and Evidence Boundary
Replication fidelity, inherited variation and competition determine whether the system can evolve. Identity and moral status remain separate questions.
## Relationships
[[wiki/Self-Replication|Self-Replication]], [[wiki/Replicator|Replicator]], [[wiki/Universal Constructor|Universal Constructor]], [[wiki/Receiving Substrate|Receiving Substrate]]
## Sources / Provenance
- von Neumann (1966); Sayama and Nehaniv (2025).