# Steve: A Hierarchical Bayesian Model for Supernova Cosmology
**Domain:** Cosmology / Bayesian Inference / Supernova Surveys
**Doc Type:** Paper and Model Node
**Steve** is a Bayesian hierarchical model introduced by S. R. Hinton and collaborators for fitting cosmological parameters jointly with [[Type Ia Supernova]] population properties and systematic uncertainties.
## Technical Importance
The model incorporates host-galaxy information, selection effects, systematic uncertainty, and an improved treatment of [[Malmquist Bias]]. Its validation used more than sixty thousand simulated supernovae. The paper reports that residual bias in the inferred dark-energy equation-of-state parameter remains sensitive to the assumed intrinsic-scatter model.
## STEVE Context
The paper supplies the cosmological “Steve” in [[articles/STEVE|STEVE]]: serious inferential machinery carrying an ordinary personal name without an acronym or explanatory origin.
## Routes
[[articles/STEVE|STEVE]] · [[articles/The Hawking Continuity|The Hawking Continuity]] · [[collections/Consciousness Continuity|Consciousness Continuity]]
## Primary Source
- [Hinton et al., arXiv:1811.02381](https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.02381)